Antibody-points Bulletin: Tumor Protein 53

BOLO:

Name: Tumor Protein 53

PID: P04637

GID: 7157

Nicknames: TP53

AKA: P53, BCC7, LFS1, TRP53

Vitals:

   Origins: 17p13.1
   DNA: NC_000017 19149 bp, (7668402..7687550)
   RNA: NM000546.5 2951 bp
   Exons: 12
   Protein: 393 aa, 43.6 kDa

Description:

This gene encodes a tumor suppressor protein containing transcriptional activation, DNA binding, and oligomerization domains. The encoded protein responds to diverse cellular stresses to regulate expression of target genes, thereby inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, senescence, DNA repair, or changes in metabolism. Mutations in this gene are associated with a variety of human cancers, including hereditary cancers such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene and the use of alternate promoters result in multiple transcript variants and isoforms. Additional isoforms have also been shown to result from the use of alternate translation initiation codons from identical transcript variants.

Acts as a tumor suppressor in many tumor types; induces growth arrest or apoptosis depending on the physiological circumstances and cell type. Involved in cell cycle regulation as a trans-activator that acts to negatively regulate cell division by controlling a set of genes required for this process. One of the activated genes is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases. Apoptosis induction seems to be mediated either by stimulation of BAX and FAS antigen expression, or by repression of Bcl-2 expression. In cooperation with mitochondrial PPIF is involved in activating oxidative stress-induced necrosis; the function is largely independent of transcription. Induces the transcription of long intergenic non-coding RNA p21 (lincRNA-p21) and lincRNA-Mkln1. LincRNA-p21 participates in TP53-dependent transcriptional repression leading to apoptosis and seem to have to effect on cell-cycle regulation. Implicated in Notch signaling cross-over. Prevents CDK7 kinase activity when associated to CAK complex in response to DNA damage, thus stopping cell cycle progression. Isoform 2 enhances the transactivation activity of isoform 1 from some but not all TP53-inducible promoters. Isoform 4 suppresses transactivation activity and impairs growth suppression mediated by isoform 1. Isoform 7 inhibits isoform 1-mediated apoptosis. Regulates the circadian clock by repressing CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1-mediated transcriptional activation of PER2.

TP53 is found in increased amounts in a wide variety of transformed cells. TP53 is frequently mutated or inactivated in about 60% of cancers. TP53 defects are found in Barrett metaplasia a condition in which the normally stratified squamous epithelium of the lower esophagus is replaced by a metaplastic columnar epithelium. The condition develops as a complication in approximately 10% of patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and predisposes to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Protein of Interest in the Following Cases:

Source: Open Targets Platform

Last Known Addresses:

  •  Cytoplasm
  •  Nuleus
  •  Endoplasmic reticulum
  •  Mitochondrion Matrix

Known Hangouts:

Source: NCBI

Known Associates:

Source: BioGrid

Gang Associations:

  •  Base-Excision Repair
  •  Cell Aging
  •  Cell Cycle Arrest
  •  Cell Differentiation
  •  Cell Proliferation
  •  Cellular Protein Localization
  •  Cellular Response to Actinomycin D
  •  Cellular Response to Dna Damage Stimulus
  •  Cellular Response to Drug
  •  Cellular Response to Gamma Radiation
  •  Cellular Response to Glucose Starvation
  •  Cellular Response to Hypoxia
  •  Cellular Response to Ionizing Radiation
  •  Cellular Response to UV
  •  Chromatin Assembly
  •  Circadian Behavior
  •  Determination of Adult Lifespan
  •  Dna Damage Response, Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator
  •  Dna Damage Response, Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator Resulting In Cell Cycle Arrest
  •  Dna Damage Response, Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator Resulting In Transcription of P21 Class Mediator
  •  Dna Strand Renaturation
  •  Entrainment of Circadian Clock By Photoperiod
  •  Er Overload Response
  •  Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway
  •  Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway By P53 Class Mediator
  •  Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway In Response to Dna Damage By P53 Class Mediator
  •  Mitotic G1 Dna Damage Checkpoint
  •  Multicellular Organism Development
  •  Negative Regulation of Apoptotic Process
  •  Negative Regulation of Cell Growth
  •  Negative Regulation of Cell Proliferation
  •  Negative Regulation of Fibroblast Proliferation
  •  Negative Regulation of Helicase Activity
  •  Negative Regulation of Telomerase Activity
  •  Negative Regulation of Transcription, Dna-Templated
  •  Negative Regulation of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
  •  Nucleotide-Excision Repair
  •  Oligodendrocyte Apoptotic Process
  •  Oxidative Stress-Induced Premature Senescence
  •  Phosphatidylinositol-Mediated Signaling
  •  Positive Regulation of Apoptotic Process
  •  Positive Regulation of Cell Cycle Arrest
  •  Positive Regulation of Execution Phase of Apoptosis
  •  Positive Regulation of Gene Expression
  •  Positive Regulation of Histone Deacetylation
  •  Positive Regulation of Intrinsic Apoptotic Signaling Pathway
  •  Positive Regulation of Neuron Apoptotic Process
  •  Positive Regulation of Peptidyl-Tyrosine Phosphorylation
  •  Positive Regulation of Pri-Mirna Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
  •  Positive Regulation of Protein Export From Nucleus
  •  Positive Regulation of Protein Insertion Into Mitochondrial Membrane Involved In Apoptotic Signaling Pathway
  •  Positive Regulation of Protein Oligomerization
  •  Positive Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolic Process
  •  Positive Regulation of Release of Cytochrome C From Mitochondria
  •  Positive Regulation of Thymocyte Apoptotic Process
  •  Positive Regulation of Transcription, Dna-Templated
  •  Positive Regulation of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter
  •  Positive Regulation of Transcription From Rna Polymerase Ii Promoter In Response to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
  •  Proteasome-Mediated Ubiquitin-Dependent Protein Catabolic Process
  •  Protein Complex Assembly
  •  Protein Deubiquitination
  •  Protein Homotetramerization
  •  Protein Localization
  •  Protein Tetramerization
  •  Ras Protein Signal Transduction
  •  Regulation of Apoptotic Process
  •  Regulation of Cell Cycle G2/M Phase Transition
  •  Regulation of Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability
  •  Regulation of Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator
  •  Regulation of Transcription, Dna-Templated
  •  Replicative Senescence
  •  Response to Antibiotic
  •  Response to Gamma Radiation
  •  Response to X-Ray
  •  Signal Transduction By P53 Class Mediator
  •  Viral Process

Known Weaknesses: Unknown

Reported Sightings:

Source: Pubmed

Means of Capture: